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Geranium (Geranium) or the crane, as well as Pelargonium (Pelargōnium), belong to the Gerania (Geraniaceae). Many mistakenly call pelargonium "geranium", which is fundamentally wrong. Despite the strong resemblance, they are genetically different plants, belong to different genera, so these flowers cannot be crossed. Geranium - a perennial native of the Northern Territory, successfully survives the winter in the open ground. Pelargonium is a native of the Southern Territory and requires entry into a warm room for the winter.
Garden geranium has a beautiful flowering and retains dense bushes until winter. The size of the leaves and the color of the flowers can be anything. Corolla size varies from 2.5 to 4.5 cm.
Best perennial varieties and species
Climatic conditions in Russia differ from English. Despite this, some types of garden geraniums can also be grown in the middle zone of our country: their description is presented in the table.
| View name | general description | Distinctive features | Flowering time |
Meadow (Geranium pratense) | Perennial with a small root, up to 1.2 m high | Bluish flowers | Starts in June |
Red-brown (Geranium phaeum) | Forest perennial with a small root, 50 cm high | Hemisphere-shaped bush with beautiful leaves | Mid summer |
Eriantum (Geranium errianthum) | Bush up to 0.5 m high | Excellent winter hardiness. Purple flowers | Mid summer |
Blood Red (Geraniumsanguineum) | Perennial with a small root, 0.6 m high | Rounded leaves, pink flowers. | June July |
| Dalmatian (Geranium dalmaticum) | Plant up to 15 cm high | Pink flowers, diameter up to 3.5 cm | Mid summer |
Large Rhizome (Geranium macrorrhizum) | Perennial with large root, up to 40 cm high | Green leaves appear in winter | Mid summer |
Geranium Renardii | Caucasian variety up to 20 cm high | Olive leaves, white petals with lilac veins | June-July (no longer than 30 days) |
Each species has its own varieties. They differ from each other in appearance and other characteristics.
Grade name | general description | Characteristics of leaves and flowers | Care requirements |
Ghost Stylingflit (Spiritus Stilingflit) | Meadow geranium | Dark leaves, pink-gray flowers | Fertile soil required |
Lily Lowell (Lilium Lowell) | Very spectacular outwardly grade | Light leaves, large corollas blue | Unpretentious in care, pruning does not require |
Uaytness | Cultural form | White flowers | No cropping required |
Galaxies | Albino variety | Light leaves, white corollas | Simple care |
Plenum Violyatseum | Meadow geranium | Bluish flowers with a red center | Frost resistant grade |
Mrs. Kendal Clark | Bush prone to fall apart | Lilac flowers with white veins | No Care Required |
Rose Queen (Reginae Rose) | Garden grade | Foliage is succulent, green, pink flowers, orange stamens | No cropping required |
Terms and conditions for planting geraniums in open ground
This is a perennial flower, but if agricultural technology is not followed during cultivation, it can die during the winter. With proper care, the plant blooms all summer.
The soil should be light, with river sand and peat, slightly acidic or neutral. Therefore, in the fall, during the digging, mineral fertilizers or humus should be added to it. In early summer at the beginning of flowering, feed with any complex mineral fertilizer for flowers.
In open and sunny areas, planting a plant is not recommended. The optimum ambient temperature for geraniums is +15 ˚C. In view of this, it is recommended to shade it immediately after planting.
To root the flower in the garden, green cuttings are planted in a mixture of river sand and peat, and at home in perlite. The best time to land is March.
Gorgeous geranium: varietal variety
Breeding methods
In total there are more than 300 species of the genus Geranium, which differ not only in the shape of the flower, but also in the beauty of the leaves.A garden plant can be grown independently from seeds or by cuttings.
There are varieties that do not form seeds, and part of the varieties of geraniums propagate by self-sowing. There are also varieties that do not retain varietal traits. Therefore, seed - a very risky method of propagation of geraniums.
Propagation of flower culture by cuttings is not difficult. For this, in an adult plant, the upper process with three or more petals is cut off and placed in a glass with water. After 2-3 weeks, the stalk gives roots, and it is planted in a flower pot or in the garden. You can just hold the cuttings in a solution that stimulates the formation of roots, and immediately plant them in soil mixed with peat and sand. At first, the processes are rarely watered, and after rooting, they are pinched.
Geranium Care
Geraniums require systematic moderate watering: do not allow drying of the soil or an abundant amount of moisture in the soil. The flower does not need spraying. Garden varieties of geraniums feel good in partial shade, under direct sunlight, flowering is weak. Therefore, in particularly hot days, blackout is required. The optimum air temperature for garden plants is not more than +20 ° C.
For abundant and prolonged flowering, geraniums should be fed twice a month. Once a year, the topsoil is replaced. An adult plant needs pruning, in which 10-15 new shoots can be obtained from the bush.
Many varieties of geraniums do not require preparation for winter, successfully wintering without pruning autumn. Quite often they go into hibernation with leaves on branches.
Diseases and Pests
Geranium is sick quite rarely. As a rule, the reasons for the deterioration of the appearance of the plant are too dry air, insufficient lighting and excessive watering.
A flower may suffer from a disease such as mushroom Botrytis (Botrytis Blight). You can determine the infection by gray spots on different parts of the plant. With the strong development of the fungus, the stem can completely rot. To combat this ailment, the following activities are carried out:
- soil cleaning from weeds;
- removal of affected parts of the plant;
- compliance with irrigation regime: strictly until 11.00;
- processing plants with fungicides.
In case of defeat pests or due to improper feeding geranium can undergo a bacterial disease in which the leaves become covered with brown spots and sometimes dry at the edges, and the stems become dark and dry. Control measures:
- weed removal;
- elimination of diseased plants;
- planting geraniums far from pelargonium;
- the use of chemicals.
Tomato wilting (Vis consectetur) is another ailment characterized by annular spotting and indentations on the stems and leaves. You can fight the disease as follows:
- eliminate diseased plants;
- remove weeds in a timely manner;
- handle geraniums from thrips.
Care must be taken during procedures.
Geranium can suffer from edema (Oedema). The disease develops due to cool weather and excessive watering and affects the leaves of the plant: first, chlorotic spots appear on them, then bubbles appear on the underside; as a result, the foliage turns completely yellow and dies. Prevention measures:
- dry the soil well before planting;
- plant plants at a sufficient distance from each other;
- avoid waterlogging of the soil.
Of the pests, geraniums are often affected by aphids. The use of syrphid flies, aerosols with insecticides and aerosols with oils will help to remove it. When both aphids and whiteflies (Whitefly) appear, they should be sprayed with Iskra, Komandor or Aktelik. Bacillus thuringiensis aerosol is used against the cabbage caterpillar. To remove ticks, tools with horticultural oils and insecticidal soap will help.
Use in landscape design
In summer, garden geranium is widely used in the design of flower beds and rabatok. The culture looks good in mixborders: it makes it possible to make smooth transitions between bright plants. It is also actively used to fill the voids of the site. The flower is suitable for alpine hills, as well as for planting near large bushes.
Due to the huge variety of shades of geranium, as well as the height, varying from 10 to 125 cm, it combines well with almost all plants and is used in a variety of compositions.
The most popular flower companion is the Rose (Rose): its majestic bushes look luxurious in tandem with a shallow, weightless geranium. Good neighbors for her will also be the catnip (Catnip) and sage (Sapiens), which bloom for a long time and do not impose high demands on care.
All low varieties look great on stony hills, especially against pebbles and gravel. In this case, geranium is recommended to be planted with Brunner, Sedge and Lungwort.
To imitate the natural landscape, cereals and hosts are placed next to geraniums. If you want to form a motley flower bed, the flower should be located next to the gravels, catnip and cloves.
Useful properties of geraniums
In addition to decorative qualities, geranium is famous for its healing properties. A decoction of its leaves is widely used in folk medicine for the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and as an antidepressant for nervous disorders. Also, according to popular belief, the flower protects from evil spirits, and therefore it is considered mandatory to have it in your garden or at home on the windowsill.
Pelargonium: seed cultivation
Growing geraniums is a snap. With proper planting and compliance with agricultural technology, it will certainly become a worthy decoration of your home or land.
